Preface
Mohammad
Karamouz
author
text
article
2010
per
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
0
1
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_16036_a667a865f684ba1613dbdf98fb1c87aa.pdf
A Conceptual Model of Integrated Water Resources Management for National Water Security
R
Zargarpour
Ph.D., National Defense University
author
A
Nourzad
Professor, Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT)
author
text
article
2010
per
This research studied the factors and components related to integrated water resources management which affects water security. A model is presented which integrates the views of designers, director generals, water scientists, and legislative systems. This study also reviewed the international experiments and has customized them for Iran. The results of the international commissions and conferences were studied to compile the concept of integrated water resources management and water security. Then referring to international resources and the official Iranian water management system, the effective variables in these two concepts were selected and determined. The presented Fuzzy model took into account the opinion of high level national water managers and the water resources experts for multiple decision making with multiple criterions. The main criterions of integrated water resources management and water security were determined and the degree of their relativities were measured. At the end, a pattern and a conceptual model of integrated water resources management which emphasized on national water security are presented. The results of this research showed that fourteen main criteria should be considered for a model aiming at water security. Furthermore seventy practical strategies according to their degree of importance and priorities were examined and a scientific, practical and dynamic management in water resources management of the country were presented. The international recommendations were also ascertained
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
1
13
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15767_b40f04807ef60e005e8140daca7a9734.pdf
Uncertainty Analysis of Artificial Neural Networks and Neuro-Fuzzy Models in River Flow Forecasting
A
Farokhnia
Ph.D. Student, Dep. of Water Structures Eng., Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
S
Morid
Associate Professor, Dep. of Water Structures Eng., Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
River flow forecasting in water resources management is of great importance. But, due to the high uncertainty in the factors affecting the rainfall-runoff process, the results are usually problematic. One of the procedures that can alleviate this problem is incorporating uncertainty analysis in forecasted results. Such an analysis has been traditionally used for statistical methods but less attention has been given to the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and the Neuro-Fuzzy (ANFIS) models. These models have gained much popularity in recent years. This research has aimed to analyze the uncertainty of these techniques for 1 to 3 months forecasting of river flow. Sofy-Chay River at Tazekand gauging station in the northwest of Iran is selected as the study site to explore the methodology. The results show that ANFIS overall gave more accurate forecasts and less uncertainty. But, when it comes to high flows, the confidence interval for the two models increases quite obviously and this increases the risk for application of the results.
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
14
27
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15771_e2b8ad7a6a74bc768e6300d773f1d437.pdf
Application of Statistical Methods, Saturation Indices, and the Composite Diagrams in the Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Kerman Plain Aquifer
M
Rezaei
Assistant Prof. Geology department of Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
The hydrogeochemical characterization of the Kerman plain aquifer, in central Iran, has been studied. Chemical characteristics from 58 deep well samples were used. Physicochemical characteristics and the major elements (Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, SO4- - and HCO3-) were analyzed for these samples. Different methods including composite diagrams, saturation indices, and multivariate statistical methods were employed to assess groundwater quality. The results showed that the main hydrochemical facies of the aquifer representing 73% of the samples samples are (Na, K–Cl, SO4). The solubility of Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum, and Aragonite were assessed in terms of the saturation index indicating supersaturation with respect to Calcite and Dolomite. Clustering analysis showed three distinctive groundwater groups indicating different groundwater residence time and different rock-water interaction history. The results of factor analysis indicated that five factors explain about 96.3% of the total sample variance. The first and most important factor is mainly controlled by Halite dissolution in the Kerman plain. Dissolution of Gypsum is the second most important source of salinity.
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
28
38
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15773_6e41b22a0b08a1c455de17839b7acf33.pdf
Assessing Surface Soil Moisture in Arid and Semiarid Rangelands Using NDVI and Meteorological Parameters
S. M. R
Behbahani
Associate Professor, Dept. of Irrigation & Drainage Eng. Abureihan Pardis, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
E
Noroozi Aghdam
PHD. Student, Irrigation & Drainage Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
A
Rahimi Khoob
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Irrigation & Drainage Eng. Abureihan Pardis, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
H
Aghighi
Remote sensing and GIS expert of Iranian Space Agency, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
Soil moisture and its temporal and spatial variations are one of the critical parameters in climatic, ecological, and hydrological modeling. Overall and consistent views on different parts of an area, repetitive satellite images from inaccessible areas and over large zones, along with regular periodic data are among important outcomes of the Remote Sensing (RS). Rangelands are highly dependent on the availability of water and therefore the vegetation indices can be used for tracking the changes in soil moisture. This study analyzes the correlation between the field measurements of soil moisture obtained using gravimetric sampling and the coincided and lagged MODIS-NDVIs based on the daily meteorological parameters during the growing season (April-August) from 2003 to 2005 in arid and semi arid rangeland in KhorasanProvince, north eastern Iran. Results show that the surface soil moisture in these rangelands is moderately correlated to the coincided and lagged NDVI and can be estimated using NDVI during the growing season. Stronger relations can be obtained for surface soil moisture data lagged by 2 weeks with respect to the vegetation index. Considering wind and cumulative evaporation factors represent better temporal and spatial estimation for the surface soil moisture in the study area.
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
39
47
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15774_b146af424fd0b32bb67883b572b32ba5.pdf
Numerical Analyses of Flow in Transitions Using Grid Adaptive Method
M. R
Jaefarzadeh
Associate professor, Dep. of Civil Eng., Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
author
E
Alamatian
Ph.D. Student, Dep. of Civil Eng., Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, and assistant professor of Khavaran institute, Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
In this research the two dimensional depth averaged shallow water equations are solved in transitions using MacCormack and two step Lax-Wendroff schemes over a fixed grid. In order to increase the accuracy of the results in the MacCormack scheme, the fixed grid is adjusted using a grid speed technique in each time step. This is a grid adaptive method in which the nodes come close to each other at the places where the flow characteristics (depth and velocity) vary intensely. In this article a new technique is proposed to prevent excessive concentration of the nodes. Using this technique the code run time is reduced considerably. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the results some laboratory tests were performed in a contraction transition. It is observed that the MacCormack scheme with the new grid adaptive technique is more compatible with the experimental results
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
48
55
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15775_21c677b1275141338a2bf1c5327e1dc3.pdf
Quality Protection Legislations for Karst Water Resources
N
Rostam Afshar
Faculty Member of Power and Water University (Shahid Abbaspour). Email:
author
H
Kazemi
Groundwater Protection and Exploitation Expert of Iran Water Management Co.
author
F
Nobahar
Research and Consumption Management of Tehran Water and Wastewater Co.
author
text
article
2010
per
Karst ground water is one of the most important water resources in Iran. Karst formations are mostly concentrated in Zagross and Alborz Chains with limited distribution in central parts. Protection of Karst aquifers is a considerable challenge to all those involved in the decision making processes. In this research four different protection zones have been suggested on the basis of Karst formation, thickness of the Karst layer, and the degree of pollution. According to hydraulic conductivity and development of Karst formation, an area of influence has been fixed for each zone
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
56
58
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15776_a27acaa2a08ac74af105ce63bb2f6e2c.pdf
Importance of Storm Type and Initial Loss Value for Flood Discharge Estimation
F
Daliri
- Instructor., Faculty of Civil Eng, Univ. of Jame, Tehran, & Technical Team MAHAB GHODSS Cons. Eng
author
M
Kholghi
Assoc. Prof., Irrigation Eng. Department, Univ. of Tehran.
author
text
article
2010
per
Available flood discharge data has a significant role in the procedure of flood control and management. In sites with a lack of data, a simulation model with the synthetic and estimated data is recommended. In this study a rainfall-runoff model (HEC-HMS) based on SCS (curve number) and flood routing (lag-trend) methods have been applied for a watershed situated in the north of Neyshabour, Northeast of Iran. The effects of several storm patterns and initial losses (0.2 & 0.05) have been studied for flood estimation. The results indicated that for a storm pattern of type IV and initial losses of 0.2, the estimated peak flood had more accuracy among patterns. However with this model 53% of 15 observed flood peak data is acceptable. Other result showed that the SCS method has less accuracy and it is not recommended for a watershed like north Neyshaboor flood management and should be calibrated.
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
59
63
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15777_7acf4e632e104da10d9d853d5857fa09.pdf
Numerical Simulation of Flow in Stilling Basin (Case Study of Talvar Dam)
S. M
Hoseini Sohi
Msc. Graduate, Tarbiat Modares Univ.
author
S. A. A
Salehi Neyshabouri
Prof., Tarbiat Modares Univ.
author
text
article
2010
per
Analysis of the flow over the dam spillway and in the stilling basin using physical models is time consuming and costly. Fast development of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in recent years, promotes the wider use of the numerical models for such applications. The numerical simulation of the flow-field in stilling basins using FlOW-3D is presented in this paper. The k– e turbulence model is used and the VOF method is applied to calculate the free surface.
The numerical results are compared with the experimental data of a physical model (1:45 scale model of the Talvar dam in the Zanjan province) and good agreement was found. Also comparison of the simulated results with the USBR data showed fair agreement.
Iran-Water Resources Research
Iranian Water Resources Association
1735-2347
5
v.
3
no.
2010
59
63
https://www.iwrr.ir/article_15778_f00a27a802605c881d75ced3bd7a420c.pdf